INTRODUCTION:

The birth of the baby is an important event in the family. But the child birth and breast feeding are unique experiences for women. Breast milk is most natural best food and breast feeding is ideal for several reasons such as it helps to protect the babies from common illnesses, allergies and protection from infection and forms easily digestible curds and ensures optimum physical and mental growth and development and which are the base for their future life [1]. Infants who are not breast fed may not learn as easily as breastfed infants. So breast feeding should be encouraged for all mothers, who have inclination to do.

Every pregnant woman must be prepared to breastfeed her baby during her pregnancy for successful breastfeeding in postnatal period [2]. Initiation of breast feeding with in the first half an hour of birth is the first and most vital step towards reducing infant and under five mortality, by reducing the over whelming high neonatal mortality rate. This single intervention can save more than 2.5 lakhs babies in India that is equivalent to 22% of deaths among newborns. In a world where more than 10 million children die before their fifth birthday due to preventable causes, malnutrition alone kills more than half of these children. Improving breast feeding practices saves lives, especially in poor communities [3, 4].

The investigator during her postoperative ward posting observed that many postnatal primi mothers were not aware about breastfeeding techniques. So educating the primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques can give a healthy baby.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A study to evaluate the effectiveness of video teaching programme on attitude regarding breastfeeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers in selected hospitals in Kanyakumari district.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

· To assess the level of attitude of postnatal primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques before video teaching programme.

· To evaluate the effectiveness of video teaching program on the level of attitude of postnatal primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques after video teaching programme.

· To associate the pre test level of attitude on breast feeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers with selected demographic variables.

HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY:

H₁: There was a significant difference between pretest and posttest level of attitude regarding breast feeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers.

H₂: There was a significant association between the post-test level of attitude on breast feeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers with selected demographic variables.

CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK:

This study is based on Von Bertalanffy general system theory. The main concept of the general system theory is input throughout and output. In this study the main purpose refers to make a positive attitude about breast feeding techniques among postnatal primi mothers.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

A quantitative approach with one group pretest posttest pre experimental research design was adopted to carry out the study.

Settings:

The study was conducted at C.S.I. Hospital Nagercoil which is a 150 bed hospital with all emergency equipments and facilities are available and Kanyakumari medical mission Neyyoor with 600 beds. In both hospitals nearly 20 deliveries takes place daily.

Sample:

The sample consisted of postnatal primi mothers admitted in C.S.I. Hospital Nagercoil and C.S.I. Hospital Neyyoor.

Sampling method:

Purposive sampling was used to select the sample. Postnatal primi mothers who met the inclusion criteria were selected.

Inclusion criteria for sample selection:

Postnatal primi mothers who:

· Can understand and speak Tamil

· Were willing to participate in this study.

Measures:

The tool consisted of two sections. Section I addressed the demographic variables of postnatal primi mothers. Section II addressed the three point likert scale on breast feeding techniques was prepared by the investigator after extensive review of literature and discussion with the experts in nursing and medical field.

Validity:

Content validity was determined by obtaining the opinion of experts from medical nursing and statistical field. A pilot study was done and the three point likert scale was found to be relevant to the settings of the study.

Protection of the study participants:

The study was conducted after getting permission from the concerned authority in the Medical superintendent and head of the department of Kanyakumari Medical mission Neyyoor. Oral permission was obtained from the postnatal primi mothers after explaining the purpose of the study.

Data collection procedure:

The data collection procedure was done for a period of 4 weeks. Sixty postnatal mothers were personally interviewed with prepared interview guide. Each day the researcher interviewed 5 to 6 patients based on the inclusion criteria. The data collections were done as follows:

Step 1: The three point likert scales was given to postnatal primi mothers to obtain necessary data. Video teaching programme was given on the same day of conducting pretest. Video teaching programme was lasted for thirty minutes.

Step 2: Posttest administered after 7 days of video teaching programme. The same three point likert scales were used to collect the posttest data. The scoring was done based on the scoring procedure.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

Out of 60 participants majority of 34(56.66%) postnatal primi mothers were living in joint family and 26(43.33%) of them were living in nuclear family. With regard to the occupation 40(66.66%) postnatal primi mothers were house wife and 10(16.66%) in each were Cooley workers as well as workers of non medical profession. With regard to the source of information 27(45.00%) postnatal primi mothers were getting information through mass media and least of 10(16.66%) of them were getting information through health personnel.

Data on pretest and posttest level of attitude regarding breastfeeding techniques (N=60)

		Postnatal primi mothers
S. No.	Level of attitude	Pretest		Posttest
		F	%	f	%
1	Inadequate (0-15%)	10	16.66	-	-
2	Moderate (16-25%)	50	83.33	39	65
3	Adequate (26-30%)	-	-	21	35

The above table shows that the pretest majority of primi mothers 50 (83.33 %) had moderate attitude and only 10(16.66 %) mother had inadequate attitude. Whereas during post test all the mothers positive attitude of which 39 (65%) had moderate attitude and21 (35%) had adequate attitude.

Effectiveness of video teaching programme on attitude regarding breastfeeding techniques (N=60)

Sl. No

Postnatal primi mothers

Mean

S. D

M. D

t- value

Pre test

18.88

2.68

4.08

7.023*

Post test

22.96

3.50

Among 60 postnatal primi mothers the mean pretest score for attitude iwas 18.88 with standard deviation 2.68. The mean posttest score of attitude was 22.96 with standard deviation 3.50. The mean difference is 4.08. The data obtained t- value is 7.023. It is inferred that the video teaching program is effective in improving the level of attitude of postnatal primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques

Data on association between posttest level of attitude with their demographic variables:

Significant association between level of attitude and selected demographic variables such as age (8.02), residence (8.86), and educational status (8.84) and there is no significant association between level of attitude and selected demographic variables such as type of family, occupation and source of information.

CONCLUSION:

The study finding reveals that video teaching programme helps to create positive attitude of postnatal primi mothers regarding breastfeeding techniques. The study also reveals that there is association with selected demographic variables such as age, residence and educational status and no association with some demographic variables such as type of family, occupation and source of information.

REFERENCE:

1. B.T Basavanthappa. “Midwifery and Reproductive health nursing”, New Delhi, Jaypee brothers 2006. Pp-410-411.

2. Ministry of health and family welfare government of India, “Basic newborn care and Resucitaion program training manual” pp-65-70.

3. http://en Wikipedia. Grg/wiki/breastfeeding.

4. NA Beischer, EV Mackay, pbcolditz, “Obstetrics and the newborn”3rd edition, London, wbsaunders, 1997 pp613-618.

Received on 08.10.2020 Modified on 07.11.2020

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2021; 9(1):24-26.

DOI: 10.5958/2454-2660.2021.00006.5